Hanumān Chālīsā
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Hanuman Chalisa : History
हनुमान चालीसा : इतिहास
This hymn (स्तोत्र, स्तुतिगीत) was written by Gosvāmī [Goswāmī] Ŧulasīđās (गोस्वामी तुलसीदास) in the sixteenth century. Hanumān Chālīsā is written in Avađhī (अवधी, Awadhi). Avađhī language can be thought of as one of the many roots of Hinđī!
Ŧulasīđās is called Mahākavi (महाकवि) which means a great poet. This hymn/poem is simple and utmost rhythmical. Even if you don't understand Hinđī, you may enjoy hearing it.
Ŧulasīđās wrote these forty verses in the praise of Lord Hanumān (हनुमान). Forty in Hinđī is called 'chālīs' (चालीस, chaalees) and the hymn containing forty verses is called 'chālīsā' (चालीसा). These verses are called chaupāEE (चौपाई) which means four line stanzas.
Since he wrote this hymn others have written Chālīsā/s for other gods and godesses!
Lord Hanumān was beloved of Lord Rām (मर्यादा पुरुषोत्तम श्रीरामचन्द्र, Mar‘yādā Puruṣhoŧŧam ShrīRāmchanđra). Another (bigger) work of Ŧulasīđās is the well known Epic called 'Rāmchariŧamānas' (रामचरितमानस).
Millions of Hinđū/s recite Hanumān Chālīsā on every Tuesday and Saturday. A lot of them believe that chanting this hymn will solve their problems. They believe Lord Hanumān is mahābalī (very strong and powerful). They lovingly call Him Bajrang·balī (बजरंगबली). Bajrang means someone whose body (अंग, an'ga) is like bajra (बज्र). Bajra is a synonym of vajra (वज्र) which means very hard like a diamond or a weapon. Often His statues are painted in saffron (bright red) or sinđūr (सिंदूर). [see footnote]
Generally Hanumān-jī is visualised as a bānar (बानर). The word bānar is a synonym of 'vānar' (वानर). Many people interpret the word 'bānar' as 'monkey-man'. But some people say that the word _vānar means a man (नर, nar) who lives in forest (वन, van).
True worship of Bajrangbalī is to help weaker Hinđūs and try to become strong (if your health and age permits). Some people say that one of the goals of writing Hanumān Chālīsā was to strengthen Hinđū/s against invaders!
Note : Lots of married Hinđū women apply a bit of sinđūr in the center of upper forehead. Greedy manufacturers use mercury sulfide and red lead, which are toxic. One may use turmeric with lime if true herbal sinđūr is not available at fair and reasonable price.
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